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Diorhabda elongata
''Diorhabda elongata'' is a species of leaf beetle known as the Mediterranean tamarisk beetle (MTB) which feeds on tamarisk trees from Portugal and Algeria east to southern Russia.〔Tracy and Robbins (2009) provide a detailed review of the distribution, biogeography, biology, and taxonomy of ''D. elongata'' that is a general source for most of this article.〕 The MTB is used in North America as a biological pest control agent against saltcedar or tamarisk (''Tamarix'' spp.), an invasive species in arid and semi-arid ecosystems (where the MTB and its closely related sibling species are also less accurately referred to as the 'saltcedar beetle', 'saltcedar leaf beetle', 'salt cedar leaf beetle', or 'tamarisk leaf beetle') (Tracy and Robbins 2009).
==Taxonomy==
The MTB was first described from the Pelopónnisos peninsula of Greece as ''Galeruca elongata'' Brullé (1832). Mulsant (Mulsant and Wachanru 1852) found the MTB in southwestern Turkey and described it as ''Galeruca costalis'' Mulsant. Reiche and Saulcy (1858) properly synonymized ''G. costalis'' under ''G. elongata'', but erroneously placed two sibling species of tamarisk beetles, ''G. carinata'' Faldermann (1837) (the larger tamarisk beetle, ''Diorhabda carinata'') and ''G. sublineata'' Lucas (1849) (the subtropical tamarisk beetle, ''Diorhabda sublineata'') as junior synonyms of ''G. elongata''. Weise (1893) created the genus ''Diorhabda'' and erroneously placed the sibling species ''G. carinulata'' Desbrochers (1870) (the northern tamarisk beetle, ''Diorhabda carinulata'') as a junior synonym of ''Diorhabda elongata''. Berti and Rapilly (1973) recognized ''D. carinata'' and ''D. carinulata'' as separate species from one another, and, by implication, as separate species from ''D. elongata'', based on detailed morphology of the endophallus of the male genitalia. Tracy and Robbins (2009) confirmed the findings of Berti and Rapilly (1973), characterized the male and female genitalia of ''D. elongata'', recognized ''D. sublineata'' as a separate species from ''D. elongata'', and provided illustrated taxonomic keys separating the MTB from the four other sibling species of the ''D. elongata'' (Brullé) species group: ''Diorhabda carinata'', ''Diorhabda sublineata'', ''Diorhabda carinulata'', and ''Diorhabda meridionalis'' Berti and Rapilly. In literature prior to 2009, ''D. carinata'', ''D. sublineata'', and ''D. carinulata'' were usually also referred to as ''D. elongata'', or subspecies of ''D. elongata''. (For additional information, see 15px ''Wikispecies: Diorhabda elongata''.)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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